BUHTUN VEN NANA IPM



I. BUHTUN TICHHETUTE

A. India ram pum huapa rannung leh natna pawimawhte

1. Rannung:-

   a) A tiak seh chhumtu (Cutworms, Agrostis ipsilon)
   b) Vual (White grub, Holotrichia consanguinea)

2. Natna

   A hnahro, a kung thi (Downy mildew, Peronosclerospora graminicola)

B. Mizoram atana Buhtun eichhetu leh natna lar zual te

1. Rannung

   a) A zik lung (Shoot fly, Atherigona sp)
   b) Khau (Hieroglyphus sp. etc)
   c) Thlumpi (Termite, Odontotermes sp)
   d) Thlangdar (Earhead bug, Calocoris angustatus)
   e) A kung khertu pangang (Stem borer, Chilo partelus)
   f) Pangang hmul nei (Hairy Caterpillar, Spiliosoma obligua)

2. Natna

   a) A fang chhia (Ergot, Clavicepsfusiformis, C.microcephala)
   b) A par leh a rah phut (Smut, Tolypsporium penicillariae)
   c) A hnah hnuai phut (Rust, Puccinia penniseti)

3. Hnim

   Vai rama hnim leh Mizorama hnim/hlo hi inang awm bawk mahse a tam zawk hi a inang lo. Chuvangin buhtun chinna hmun azirin Mizoramah pawh hnim a in anglo thei. Hnim hi hlawm lian tak pathumah - hnah sin chi (di, thang, kaihphihrit etc) hnah bial (vaihlenhlo, buar etc) leh phungladinah then a ni a, hnah bial zingah pawh a zam chi a la awm bawk.

4. Thlai rulhut

   A than tichaklotu (Reniform nematode, Pratylenchus spp)

5. Sazu leh Sava

   a) Bui leh sazu chi hrang hrang
   b) Sava-Vaki, choak


II. RANNUNG LEH NATNA THLITHLAI

   A tum ber chu buhtun eichhetu rannung leh natnate a awm tantirh tea hriata, a inthlahpun hma leh natna a nasat hmaa tihrem leh tidamte, rannung tha awmte leh an tam dan hriat leh a venna kawnga hma lak dan tur leh inruahman dan tur lo hriat lawk hi a ni.

   1. Buhtun hmun fan thuak thuak: Buhtun to hnu lawk atangin a chinna hmun ngeiah kalin eng ang rannung nge awm tih leh eng natnain nge tlakbuak tih hre tura buhtun chinna hmun chu fan thuak thuak tur a ni. Hei hi Rapid Roving Survey (RRS) an ti a ni. A hmaa lo thlan lawk tawh buhtun hmun chu a eichhetu rannung tam dan azir leh natna nasat dan azirin ni 7-10 danah tlawha thlithlai thin tur a ni. A chuklakin buhtun hmunah chuan hmun hrang hrang(spot) thlang la, hmun khatah buhtun kung 5 tal chik takin en la, chuta i hmuh rannung, natna, leh rannungtha, maimawm te chu ziakin chhinchhiah ang che.
   2. Buhtun hmun tlawh: Buhtun hmun fan thuak thuak tuma i thil hmuh dan azirin loneitute chu an mahni buhtun hmun theuh tlawh turin chawkphur ang che. Tichuan loneitute chuan ni 7-10 chhungin buhtun eichhetu rannung, natna leh rannungthate ziakin an chhinchhiah anga, a suat dan leh a tihdam dan tur an ruahman tur a ni. Agriculture Department Pawhin DDK, Local TV channel leh chanchinbu hmangin a eichhetu, natna leh rannungtha buhtun hmuna finfiah a tul zia an tlangaupui tur a ni.
   3. Agro Eco System Analysis (AESA): AESA chungchang chu chip chiar takin hmundangah tarlan a ni.
   4. Pheromone thang kam: Pheromone thang hi buhtun hmunah eng ang rannung nge awm tih hre tura rannung man nan an hmang a ni. Metre 50 dan zelah Pheromone thang hi pakhat kam tur a ni. Rannung awm azirin rannung hipna thil rimtui (Lure) chi hrang zel hman tur a ni a, rimtui chu ni 15-20 danah thlak zel tur a ni.
   5. Rannung, natna, sazu etc hlauhawm chin (ETL)

Sl. No. Rannung/Natna ETL
1 Vual Metre khat biala vual pakhat a awmin
2 A kung khertu pangang Buhtun kung a kher chhiat kha 10% a tlinin
3 A hnah rau natna A chi tuh atanga ni 30 hnua natna tlakbuak chu 10% a tlinin
4 Sazu A kua, a luahlai ngei hectare khata 15 a awm in
5 Thlai rulhut Lei gram khata thlai rulhut 1-2 a awm in

Source
Ziaktu : C. Lalnithanga, APPO
Bu hming : Loneitu Thian (IPM)
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Page 60-67

III. IPM KALPUI DAN TUR

A. Loneitu thiamsa

   1) Nipui laia thuk deuh hleka lei lehphut hian leia rannung tui, pangang, buhchium etc. leh natna hrik hlawmte a phochhuak nisain a em hlum thei a ni. Hei bakah hian thlai kung leh a hnah rote halral tur a ni.
   2) Buhtun chi tha, rannung leh natna do theite chu heng te hi a Hybrid Pusa 23, ICMH 451, 424 Tap 155, Race 75, ICMS 7703, ICMU 155, ICTP 8203, MP 155, WC-C 75
   3) A hun taka buhtun chi tuh hian rannung leh natna lakah a him bik
   4) A kung leh a kung inhlat lam leh a tlar leh a tlar inhlat lamin tlemin zau hret se
   5) Fertilizer a inbuk tawk chiah hman tur a ni.

B. Hmanraw remchang hman

   1) A hnah ro natna (downy mildew) a darh zel loh nan a tiah atanga ni 15-20 hnuah buhtun tiak hrisello, natna-in a tlak buak chu pawha, paih vek tur a ni.

   2) A kung (zik) khertu pangangin a zik a kher vanga a zik thi zawng zawng paih vek tur a ni.

   3) Buhtun hmunah chuan eng ang rannung nge awm tih hriat nan Pheromone thang kam tur a ni.

   4) Vual thlahtu-sephung buang a tam thei ang ber mana, rahhlum tur.

   5) Sava hlauh khai tur.

C. Rannungtha hman tangkai

1. Humhalh


   Buhtun hmuna rannungtha awm apiang chu humhalh tur a ni eg. Trichogramma spp, Apanteles, Eriborus, Carabids, Khuavanglamdar, maimawm, chrysopa etc.


2. Buhtun hmuna chhuah


   1) Buhtun chi chu tuh hmain leia natna hrik awm laka a him nan Trichoderma harzianum, or T.viride, 4gm leh a chi 1kg nuai pawlh tur a ni.

   2) A kung/zik khertu pangang laka a him theih nan buhtun hmun hectare khata zauah kartin Trichogramma chilonis 75,000 (Trichocard 4) chhuah tur a ni a, a tui hmuh hmasak ber tum atangin chhuah nghal tur a ni.

D. Neem atanga siam rannung/sava leh thiai rulhui hnawhkianna:-

   1) Neem rah tui thlawr (NSKE) @5ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh in buhtun chu kah tur.
   2) Thlai rulhut suat nan hectare khatah Neem Cake 200kg, lei lehphut hnuah vawm darh tur a ni.

E. Rannung thahna hlo/natna damdawi hman


   Rannung thahna hlo leh thlai natna damdawi hi a hun takah mamawh ang tawk chauh fimkhur taka kah tur a ni. IPM awmze neia kalpui tur chuan min hualveltu himnate, thlai hrisel dante, a hlauhawm chin (ETL) azirte, rannungtha humhim dan kawngte ngaihtuah chunga rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi te hi a loh theih loh hunah chauh hman tur a ni.

   1) A zik leh a par lung suat nan buhtun tona lai leiah Carbofuran 3G chu hectare khatah 8-12kg phul tur a ni.

   2) A tiak leh a vui sehchhumtu pangang suat nan Dichlorvos 35EC @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh a kah tur a ni.

   3) A par leh a vui no dawttu thlangdar suat nan Carbaryl 50sp@ 3gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh hisapa kah tur.

   4) A hnahro natna (Downy mildew) enkawl nan Mancozeb @ 2gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh a kah tur a ni.5) Hnim tur suat nan buhtun chi tuh hnuah (ato hmain) hnim tur Atrazine @3ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh-a kah tur a ni a, a hnuah a tul dan anga hlo thlawh tur a ni.

F. Hnimsuat/hlo thlawh

   1) Nipui laia lei lehphut hian hnim leh thlai bul (stubbles) a tihlum.
   2) Hnim aia thlai a than chak zawk nan leh hnimin thlai a dip nasat loh nan a hun takah buhtun chu tuh tur a ni.
   3) Buhtun bul leh a tlar leh a tlar inkar hlat zawng hi a tawk chiah zuah nise, a inkar a hlat lutuk chuan hnim a to tam bik.
   4) Achi tuh atanga kar 2, 3 leh 6 naah hlo thlawh tur.

G. Thlai rulhut suat

   1) Nipui laia thuk deuh hleka lei lehphut tur.
   2) Buhtun leh thlai dang a inchhawka chin.
   3) Thlai seng hnua a bul (stubbles), a kung leh a hnah ro halral
   4) Carobfuran 3G @ 12kg theh tur a ni.

H. Sazu suat

   1) Sazu kua laihchhiat tur
   2) Bialko samfai tur
   3) Sazu thang kam tur
   4) Tur dum, Zinc Phosphide chah tur a ni a, 10gm leh tela nuaimawm buhfai 500gm chawhpawlh tur a ni. Tur chah tur siamsa, antui hawp fian khat zel sarang emaw lehkha in emaw fun a, sazu kuaah hnawhluh tur a ni. Tur dum chah hma hian buhfai lawng, lehkhaa funa sazu kuaah ni 2 leh zan 2 chhung lo chah lawk tur a ni. Tur dum chah zawh hian sazu thi bang chu Bromadiolone (0.005%) cake chah leh tur a ni. Bromadiolone cake tlang lian pakhat kha tlang te 6 ah phel tur a ni. Chutiang tlang khat chu sazu kua pakhatah tlang khat zel thlak tur a ni. Sazu thi kan hmuh apiang lakkhawma phum bo tur a ni.



IV. BUHTUN THAN DAN MILA IPM HMAN TURTE

BUHTUN LEN LAM
RANNUNG/NATNA
IPM TIH DAN TUR
A chi tuh hma 1. Leia inphum/biru rannung tui, pangang, buhchium, a pui, natna hrik hlawm, thlai rulhut
  1. Nipui laiin thuk deuh hleka lei lehphut tur a ni.
  2. Buhtun leh thlai dang a inchhawka chin tur a ni.
  3. Thlai rulhut suat nan lei lehphut hnuah hectare khatah Neem cake 200kg vawm darh tur a ni.
  4. A hmaa an seng tawhna thlai bul, a kung leh a hnahro hal ral tur.
  5. A tam thei ang ber vual rahhlum tur.
  6. Buhtun chi tha, rannung leh natna do thei chin tur a ni.
  7. Buhtun chi chu tuh hmain Trichoderma viride / or T.harzianum @4gm leh buhtun chi 1 kg nuai pawlh tur a ni.
2. A fang hrisello natna (Ergot)
  1. Natna hrik awm theihna hnim-thang leh di lamchi thlawh ngun tur a ni, bialko pawh samfai tur.
  2. Buhtun chi zinga natna hrik hlawm (sclerosia) awm chu paihfai tur. Hemi atan hian buhtun chi chu chitui al-ah chiah ila, natna hrik hlawm chu a lane anga, paih tur a ni.
  3. Buhtun par laiin Carbendazim @ 3gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur
  4. A tul chuan Copper chloride @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur
A tiak 1. A zik lung (scootfly)
  1. Buhtun chi tuh hma deuh tur
  2. Buhtun chi chu tlema tuh tam deuh tur
  3. A zik lung leh tawih apiang chu pawh a, paih tur.
  4. Buhtun tona laiah chuan Carbofuran 3G phul tur a ni a, hectare khatah 12kg a tawk
A par hma 1. A par sehchhumtu pangang
  1. Rannungtha, Trichogramma chilonis hectare khatah 75,000 (4 Trichocards) kar tin chhuah tur a ni.
A par atang a vuih thleng 1. A vui dawttu thlangdar
  1. Buhtun chi tuh hma hian thlangdarin a dawt nep.
  2. Carbaryl @ 3gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur
2. A hnah ro (downy mildew) natna
  1. Natna laka him buhtun chi tha chin tur.
  2. Mancozeb @ 2gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni a, a tiah atanga thla khat chhungin kah tan tur
3. Sava
  1. Sava hlauh khai tur
4. Sazu
  1. Sazu tura sazu chu hrai tur.

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